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|
Variables
|
Total
|
Male
|
Female
|
p valuea
|
|---|
|
Number
|
369
|
174
|
195
| |
|
Age, years
|
42.31 ± 15.18b
|
41.54 ± 14.62
|
42.99 ± 15.67
|
0.361
|
|
Height, cm
|
164.06 ± 9.31
|
171.28 ± 6.54
|
157.62 ± 6.14
|
<0.001
|
|
Weight, kg
|
62.83 ± 11.69
|
70.14 ± 10.55
|
56.3 ± 8.32
|
<0.001
|
|
Waist circumference, cm
|
79.73 ± 9.64
|
83.37 ± 9.19
|
76.48 ± 8.85
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI, kg/cm2
|
23.24 ± 3.22
|
23.9 ± 3.28
|
22.66 ± 3.06
|
<0.001
|
|
Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL
|
92.35 ± 9.09
|
94.13 ± 9.51
|
90.76 ± 8.4
|
<0.001
|
|
Blood insulin, mIU/l
|
9.28 ± 3.68
|
9.23 ± 4.07
|
9.32 ± 3.31
|
0.828
|
|
HOMA-β, %
|
122.67 ± 57.85
|
114.92 ± 58.62
|
129.59 ± 56.41
|
<0.01
|
|
Smoking statusc
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
Yes
|
104 (28.2%)
|
82 (47.1%)
|
22 (11.3%)
| |
|
No
|
265 (71.8%)
|
92 (52.9%)
|
173 (88.7%)
| |
|
Alcohol consumptiond
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
Yes
|
224 (60.7%)
|
131 (75.3%)
|
93 (47.7%)
| |
|
No
|
145 (39.3%)
|
43 (24.7%)
|
102 (52.3%)
| |
|
Regular excersicee
| | | |
0.065
|
|
Yes
|
106 (28.7%)
|
58 (33.3%)
|
48 (24.6%)
| |
|
No
|
263 (71.3%)
|
116 (66.7%)
|
147 (75.4%)
| |
|
Blood mercury, μg/L
|
4.461 (2.982, 5.956)f
|
5.465 (3.469, 8.886)
|
3.880 (2.782, 5.698)
|
<0.001
|
-
a
p values were from independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test for continous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables
-
bValues are presented as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation
-
cSmoking status was indicated as ‘yes’ for participants who had smoked more than five packs of cigarettes during their life and were currently smoking
-
dAlcohol consumption was indicated as ‘yes’ for participants who consumed at least one glass of alcohol every month over the previous year
-
eRegular exercise was indicated as ‘yes’ when the participant performed mederate or strenuous exercise on a regular basis (for more than 30 min at a time and more than five times per week in the case of moderate exercise; for more than 20 min at a time in the case of strenuous exercise)
-
fValues are presented as median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)
